The Full form of RNA

RNA Full Form – The full form of RNA is the Ribonucleic Acid which is a single strand made up of complex molecules and acts as a nucleic acid. RNA has a significant role in the synthesis of protein, transcription, decoding, and translation of genetic information for the creation of proteins. RNA, much like the DNA, also has three components such as a nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. RNA is the genetic material in some viruses.

There are several types of RNA, most commonly studied are the messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA), found in all organisms. The other types of RNA mainly function as enzymes for biochemical reactions or have complicated controlling functions in cells. The mRNA performs the task of transcription for the DNA while tRNA proves to be useful in translating components for protein synthesis. 

The nitrogenous bases of RNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil. RNAs, though single-stranded, are not always linear. It sometimes folds into intricate three-dimensional structures like a hairpin loop, which is usually called circular RNA (circRNA). They can bind to miRNA (micro RNA) molecules and prevent miRNA from attaching with targets. The miRNA inhibits RNA of its functions as a biological catalyst.

It has been noted RNA is linked with many kinds of human diseases. For example, miRNAs facilitate tumor in association with cancer-coded genes or may cause Alzheimer’s disease by deregulation of metabolism. tRNAs may bind to special proteins and inhibit apoptosis. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) create blockages in neural tissues, developing to neurological diseases. Any abnormality in RBPs shows the impact on health conditions.

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