The Full form of DNA

DNA Full Form – The full form of DNA is Deoxyribonucleic acid that is a complex molecule that holds the genetic codes which help in the transmission of hereditary traits or characteristics from parents to offspring. It is comprised of two coiling chains, containing instructions for development, growth, and reproduction of organisms and most viruses. The DNA chemical was first uncovered in 1869 by Johannes Friedrich Miescher, but its functionality regarding genetic transmission was not validated until 1943. It was in 1953, when James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin resolved that the structure of DNA is a double-helix polymer. 

DNA is a nucleic acid that has long chains of monomer nucleotides as the base. These nucleotides contain deoxyribose sugar molecule, attached by a phosphate group and four nitrogenous bases, such as two purines (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds among the bases in a specific manner, i.e. adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine. The pitch of a helix is 3.4 nm and space between to base pairs is 0.34 nm. The DNA molecule is a highly stable material which helps it to provide templates for further replications of DNA.

DNA is compactly arranged in protein complexes called chromosomes. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of eukaryotes, while it is found in single chromosome forms in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. Some major uses of DNA involve distribution and transmission of genetic information during the cell divisions, mutations, transcriptions, DNA fingerprinting, cellular metabolism and Gene therapy.

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