The Full form of BMT

The full form of BMT is Bone Marrow Transplant. It is the process by which a healthy stem cell is introduced into an individual’s bloodstream to replace the damaged bone marrow. 

Based on the type of transplant method used, there are two types of BMT, such as:

• Autologous transplants – These transplants require the individual’s own stem cells. The stem cells are harvested before beginning therapies like radiation or chemotherapy. Once the treatment procedure is over, the healthy harvested cells are returned to the individual’s body. However, this method can be used only if the patient has a healthy bone marrow.
• Allogenic transplants – This form of transplant requires a donor. It is important that the donor’s genetic makeup is a close match to the receiver so that complications can be minimized with medication. The best choice for the transplants is often found among compatible relatives, or donor registry can help in finding a genetic match as well. Allogenic transplant is necessary in case the individual’s bone marrow is damaged.

BMTs are considered as a form of treatment for various health conditions like primary amyloidosis, disorders of the plasma cell, syndromes such as POEMS, myelodysplastic, immune deficiencies, inborn metabolism errors, acute or chronic leukemia, aplastic anemia, congenital neutropenia, thalassemia, etc.

Bone Marrow Transplant helps the individuals by safely allowing higher doses of chemotherapy or radiation treatment due to the easier replacement of damaged bone marrow. It also helps to replace the diseased bone marrow with the introduction of healthy stem cells. It is used in the cancer treatment process since the provision of better stem cells fights cancer cells speedily.

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